Apparatus for improving the grade of calcium cyanamid



Suva/nto:

Patented Feb. 24,1920,

G. E* COX.

APPLICATION meu M6120. ma.

APPARATUS FOR IMPRVING THE GRADE 0F CALCIUM CYANAMID.

w K H C] H0141 m `closure ot U. S. Patent .and means for fixing nitrogen,

GEORGE E. COX, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK,

lrirtnrrr OFFICE.

ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN CYANAMID CO., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.. A COBPORATION OF MAINE..

APPARATUS FOR IMYROVING THE GRADE 0F CALCIUM CYANAMID.

Application filed August 20. 1918.

To all ukom. it may concern.'

Beit known that l, (leonor: ll. Cox. a citi-- zen-of the United States, residing at N iagtara` Falls, in thtl county of Niagara and AState ot New York, have invented certain new and useful Im )rovcments in Apparatus for Im# proving tie (rade of Calcium Cyan-amid; and I do hereby declare the following to bc a full, clear. and exact description of the iuvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art'lto which it appertains `to malte and use the same.

This intention relates to an apparatus for improving the grade. and reducing the consumption of raw materials in the manufacture of commercial calcium c vanamid and llas for its object to accomplish thcsc rcsuits in a simple and effective manner.

`To these ends the invention consists in the novel construction ot parts constituting the apparatus. all as will be more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawings formingr a part of this specification. Figure l is a diagrammatic illustration of one torni of construction, suitable for carrying outy the invention; and Fig. 2 is a view showing the collapsible retainer removed from the oven.

In order that. the precise apparatus ma;I be the more. clearly understood it is said:

I am familiar with the apparatus Jfor produeing calcium cyanamid disclosed in U. Patent #$999,071. entitled Apparatus for producing calcium cyanamid, granted to Frank S. YVashhurn, and also with the dis- #1,103,060, method granted to lV. S. Landis. In the first mentioned patent, a toraminous vessel is provided for holding the. carbid which vessel is perforated, and to prevent the finely ground carbid from passing through the. perforations, the said vessel is lined with a Combustible material. or in conjunction with the foraminous vessel a, suitable screen of wire cloth is used to prevent the sifting of the carbid. This said process also provides for using a oraminous vessel made wholly of wire screen cloth which may be used in conjunction V`with a combustible material. But a disadvantage of this said process lies in the fact that the forarninous vessel being used to handle or transport its load of carbid, before. nitrilication, as well as the finished lime nitrogen,

Specification ot Letters latent.

Serial No. 250.757.

alter the reaction completed, must be made ol' metal ot' a material weight and strength Vand therefore, it is more or less costly to construct. as i'vell as to handle.

Further, it is subjected to a high tempera.- ture t'or a long pei-uid of time, and its deterioration is, therefore: quite costly. It-iS largeljY to avoid this deterioration and its consequent high cost of replacement that I have developed the apparatusl to be described below; i

ln the second process referred to above., a `similar met-.1l perforated vessel. lined with a porous or textile fabric. is used for containing the carbid. This is open to the same objections as those above stated, in that a vessel ot' considerable weight. and strength must be provided for transporting the carbid and the deterioration o this vessel is nite considerable.

With this purpose ot entirely eliminating the expensive container, I have nonr developed a means whereby I can eliminate the use ofthe expensive metal containing "vessel and attlie same time obtain a better utilization of the raw materialsas well as a higher grade n'oduct. at a materially lower cost.

In this invention I provide the regular t'orm of cyananiid oven common in the industry. Into this oven, I place a. suitable hinged metallic florm or temporary container H so constriwted with hinges G that it can lit-readily inserted and With drawn from the oven without disturbing in any way any carbid material that may be charged Ainto theI envelop inclosed by the saine. Into this hinged collapsible form Il I place a liner or envelop of ordinary fairly tough, or monly known as Manila paper. 0r a similar material. I also insert a suitable tube C made of similar paper axially throu h the center of the envelop or larger tube or the purpose ot' providing u s )ace for the later insertion of the electrica heating element. I then charge this empty paper container or enveloi "Iii" 'according to the process described in my said copending application, or in any suitable manner, while located inside the oven, or furnace A with finely ground calcium carbid.L and while the said temporary or collapsible container surrounds the same, and thus bears the strain incident to the charging operation.

After the paper tube or combustible conlutented Feb. 24', 1920.

strong paper, com

sts

-then have my the tube 6,

tailner B has 'been charged with a suitable uantity of calcium carbid, I then remove t e said collapsible form H which supported it duringl the filling operation, and I c arge of carbid wholliv sulpported in the furnace by the plate t e envelop or tu'be of comparatively thin and light paper B, and provided with a central ypassage D for the insertion of the heating element I ma then cover the top surface of the carbid wit i a suitable protecting slab K of insulating material.

When this oven is thus charged with calcium carbid, I feed nitrogen through the pipe b to the same in the usual manner, as through and start the heating of the 1esistor for attaining the desired nitrication. When nitri'iation is complete, the paper tubes have 'bul-ucd away, and I have remaining in the furnace a solid block of calcium cyanamid with a hole through its middle where the heating element has been inserted. By means of suitable tongs, l remove this block and treat the same as in the regular procedure for the manufacture of calcium cyanamid.

I have also found that it is of material benefit to perforate the envelop, or pa er container, with very tine perforations il us trated at F, and of such a size that it will substantially retain its charge of finely ground carbid without sifting and at the same time will permit nitrogen to pass through the perforations.

By the employment of this apparatus it Will now be s een I avoid the use of the heavy metallic container heretofore used, with its undesirable deterioration, I avoid the diiiiculty of discharging the metallic container of its content of lum cyanamid, which is a very material item o expense, for in use the metallic containers become dented and do not dischar e readily, or the Fmass of c anamid wor rs into the perforations of t e same, and thus hinder the discharge. I also obtain much better results in the nitrification because in the absence of Le heavy metal container with itsconside V,ble heat ca acity, the saine quantity of heat is not ta :en rom the surface of the mass of carbid during reaction, and therefore, I produce a somewhat higher fixation than when the metal container is employed. The slab K prevents access of the gases present to the top of the carbid L, and improves the etliciency of the o Jeration.

It is evident that this apparatus and procedure can be modilicd by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore` I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosure except as may be required by the claim.

In a nitrifying apparatus ithe comlbination of a combustible container adapted to hold finely divided calcium carbid; a. hollow central core for said container; and a hinged outer form for holdin said container, substantially as described In testimony whereof I aflix my in presence of two witnesses.

signature,

. COX.

Witnesses G. A. llsNnsm, W. S. LANnis. 

